Flying machine



Dec. 3, 1929.

P. ESCOBEDO FLYING MACH-INE Filed March l2. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet l S14/vento@ Dec. 3, 1929. p ESCOBEDQ 1,737,963

FLYING MACHINE 4Filed March 12. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 3, 1929.

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FLYING MACHINE Filed March l2. 1928 Sheets-Shet 6 @www ttomww Patented Dec. 3, 1929 PATENT OFFICE PABLO ESCOBEJO, F EAST ST. LOUIS, ILLINOISk FLYING MACHINE Application mea irma i2, ma. serial no. 261,006.

This invention relates to flying machines of the heavier than air type and its general .object is to provide an aerial device that embodies novel features for lifting, propelling,

steering, and otherwise rendering it v translatable and governable. The propelling means embodies in part means simulating in construction that of-a fish in which a reciprocable fin or propeller movable over a definite arc and by which the body of the aeroplane is propelled forward and as an aid to a plurality of prcpellers mounted at the' prow and developing a forward propelling movement.

A further object of the invention is .to provide an aerial device that employs a plurality of pairsof wings mounted to reciprocate on a horizontal axis and capable of a rotative revolublemovement to vary the liftingpower thereof.

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction and in the combination and `arrangement of the several parts, 'to be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompany'ng drawings and' specically pointed out in the appended claims.

In describing my invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote llke or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which: v

in the accompanying drawings lllustrating the invention 0 Figure 1 is a top plan view of the .machine constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view thereof.

Figure 3 is a vertical lo'ngltudinal median section;

Fi re 4 is a section on the plane 4-4 of Fig. 3; 'l

Figure 5 is a section on the plane 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Figure of Fig. 3; Y Figure 7 is an isometric detail ofthe op- 5 erating clutch.

6 is a section .on the plan Referring now to the drawings and particularly with reference to Fig. 3, I provide anelongated ellipsoid body of some very light metal such` as magnalium, as indicated at 1 and provided on the bottom side thereof 5 nearly amidship is an. axle 2 on which is mounted a pair of Wheels 2 supported by posts 2, which together with the wheels serve as a landmg gear. To the rear of the axle 2 is mounted a skid shoe which extends to- 55 ward the rear of the body at a curved incli-- nation as shown. On they top of the body 1s a low observation tower 4 provided with a plurality of transparent windows 5 and a l air of benches 6. The reference numeral 7 5 indicates a trap door arranged above steps 8, tothe cock-pit where the principal operator or pilot sits. This operatorsseat 9 is positionedI whereby ready access may beihad to a wheel 10 and a pedal 11, an arm of which 55 shifts a link 11* to actuate an idle gear of a clutchwhich controls the main shaft 13. The engine 12 may be of any desired type controlled in the usual manner for operating a pair of ears on a main shaft 13 for con- 70 trolling t e propelling mechanism of the aeroplane. Geared to the main shaft 13 is a crank shaft 14 and the main shaft operates a pair of spur gears controlling the main propeller 15 and also operates a air of auxillary 75 propellers 16, 16, the latter eing symmetrically fplaced at the sides of the main propel- 1er. he gearv 17 may have a desired speed ratio with reference to the main propeller shaft which is directly driven by the gear 18, while, a pair of lbevel gears 19 are provided fory each ,of the auxiliary propellers 16,16*, which may be driven at any preferred speed ratio. The clutch referred to includes an idle ar 22n that is yllovable tobe thrown 85 into an out of mesh with respect to. a gear .21 secured to the main shaft. The clutch mechanism .is shown in detail in Figi, 7 and the pedal 11 acts on a pivoted arm 11" a main l arm 11 and the link 11'* to shift the gear 90 22'L as above set forth. `When pressure on pedal 1l is relieved the helical spring 22d puts the gear 21 in mesh with the gear 22 that is driven by the motor shaft. The engine may be supported on a pair of ribs 23 bolted longitudinally of the body of the aeroplane and the main shaft has bearings formed in the intermediate ones of vertical struts 24, 24a, 25a. On the crank shaftll is mounted a disk crank 26 connected by a universal joint with a lever 27 pivoted in the tail of the body of the aeroplane and connecting by a link to afin or auxiliary propeller 28n which is driven by the disk 26 for causing a rapid reciprocatory motion thereof over a short arc which gives a forward directive movement to the aeroplane, and is similar somewhat to the action of thetail of a fish.

The lifting moment of the aeroplane is effected by two pairs of reciprocable wings 29, 29, 30 and 30a which are driven bythe cranks 31 and 31 on the crank shaft 14 and which operates cross heads 32, giving a vertical reclprocatory movement to the wmgs. Each wing is provided with a socket portion 29b pivoted to the cross heads and in which the wing element is rotatably supported. Each wing member is provided with a flanged spool 34 over which is Wound a chain 36 which traverses pairs of wing elements and is guided through tubes 36 and over pairs of sheaves, 36", for connection with the shaft of the wheel of the main pilot as will be evident from an inspectionpf Fig. 3. Thus the wings are rapidly recipro'cable by the cross-heads and may be inclined at an angle or feathered at the option of the pilot to vary the lifting moment. The assistant operator who sits forward of the main operator has control of a wheel 37 on the shaft of which is secured and wound reversely a pair of control chains 40 secured to flexible cables 37 J that are attached to a pair of ailerons 35, 35a mounted in brackets on the sides of the bod ,and these ailerons are retracted by a pair o springs 38 and 38a one for each aileron and which have their ends secured thereto and the body respectively as best shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, so that upon operation of the wheel 37 the ailerons are moved or shifted on their pivots so as tp divert the line of motion of the aeroplane as will be apparent.

The chains 40am guided through tubes 41 which terminate at their rear ends adjacent the seat 9 and secured to the chains 40 are handles 42 arranged in convenient reach ofthe operatorin the seat 9,.:whereby the ailerons the.l respective operators` seats, vthe auxiliary operator is under the eyes of the main operator or pilot4 and indicating varies-37* are connected to the controlling elements' of the ailerons whereby either of the operatorscan ascertain by glancing at the indicating 'vanes 37* the position of the ailerons. y

It will thus be apparent from the foregoing that the main operator or pilot controls the forward and lifting movement of the aeroplane or aerial device, while the auxiliary pilot ma -control the directional movement thereof t rough the medium of the ailerons. The propellers 15, 16 and 16fas well as the fin 28a and wings, propel the machine forwardthe scope of the appended claims.

1. An aerial device comprising a hollow elongated ellipsoid body, a main and a pair of symmetric auxiliary propellers at the prow thereof, means for operating them simultaneously for propulsion, variable controllable ailerons to control the direction of movement of the device and a vibratory shaft driven tail to assist propulsion thereof.

2.' An aerial device comprising ali elongated hollow ellipsoidal body, a main` propeller, a symmetrical pair of auxiliary propellers, and a vibratory fin at the tail mounted on a vertical axis.

3. A11 aerial device comprisin an elongated hollow magnalium ellipsoid y, a main propeller, a pair of symmetricall arranged auxiliary propellers, said pro 1ers being disposed forwardly of the bode, means for o erating the propeller, 'airs of wings exten ing laterally from sai body, means for operatlng and controlling the wings, said last mentioned means including means for feathering the wings, a vibratory power driven fin to assist the propellers and arranged at the rear of the body, a pair of s ring retractedy ailerons arranged laterally a jacent the rear of the body and means actuating the ailerons against the tension of the springs thereof.

4. An aerial device comprisin an elongated hollow ellipsoid shape hey, a drive shaft mounted in bearings in said body, a motor arranged in said body, clutch means between the drive shaft and motor for controlling the drive shaft, a main ropeller geared to the drive shaft and extending for wardly from saidvbody, auxiliary propellers extending upon opposite sides of the main propeller and below the same, said auxiliary propellers being geared to the drive shaft, a crank shaft geared to the drive shaft, a disk secured to the rear end of a crank shaft, a n mounted for reeiprocatory movement and ar ranged through the rear end of the body, means for reciprocating said iin from said disk, cross heads having connection with .the cranks of the crank shaft, wings ivotally mounted and rotatably associated wit respect to the crpss heads, means for lfeatherino' said wings, ailerons pivotally secured to saidobody', springs having one of their ends secured to said body and ailerons `respectively for normally holding said ailerons in -one position, and means for Operating said ailerons against the tension of said springs.

In testimony whereof I aixmy signature.

PABLO ESCOBEDO. 

